电脑硬盘mbr被修改-(电脑硬盘mbr被修改了怎么办)

[root@GW ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb

WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to

switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to

sectors (command 'u').

Command (m for help): m

Command action

a toggle a bootable flag

b edit bsd disklabel

c toggle the dos compatibility flag

d delete a partition

l list known partition types

m print this menu

n add a new partition

o create a new empty DOS partition table

p print the partition table

q quit without saving changes

s create a new empty Sun disklabel

t change a partition's system id

u change display/entry units

v verify the partition table

w write table to disk and exit

x extra functionality (experts only)

Command (m for help): n

Command action

e extended

p primary partition (1-4)

p

Partition number (1-4): 1

First cylinder (1-102, default 1):

Using default value 1

Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-102, default 102): +20MB

Command (m for help): n

Command action

e extended

p primary partition (1-4)

e

Partition number (1-4): 2

First cylinder (21-102, default 21):

Using default value 21

Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (21-102, default 102):

Using default value 102

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/sdb: 106 MB, 106954752 bytes

64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 102 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 2048 * 512 = 1048576 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x000602e5

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

/dev/sdb1 1 20 20464 83 Linux

/dev/sdb2 21 102 83968 5 Extended

Command (m for help): n

Command action

l logical (5 or over)

p primary partition (1-4)

l

First cylinder (21-102, default 21):

Using default value 21

Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (21-102, default 102):

Using default value 102

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/sdb: 106 MB, 106954752 bytes

64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 102 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 2048 * 512 = 1048576 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x000602e5

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

/dev/sdb1 1 20 20464 83 Linux

/dev/sdb2 21 102 83968 5 Extended

/dev/sdb5 21 102 83952 83 Linux

分区完毕之后，我们可以使用mkfs -t ext4 格式化分区

[root@GW ~]# mkfs -t ext4 /dev/sdb1

挂载分区，将sdb1挂载到/tmp目录下

[root@GW ~]# mount /dev/sdb1 /tmp

将文件挂载文件写入开机自启动

UUID=2acb0807-4ecd-4305-a2e9-28446b3d85ca / ext4 defaults 1 1

UUID=edab26eb-e5da-47e2-914b-40f4bdf8347d /boot ext4 defaults 1 2

UUID=ff7ab69d-bdc2-40cd-816f-8c30a3e76737 swap swap defaults 0 0

tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs defaults 0 0

devpts /dev/pts devpts gid=5,mode=620 0 0

sysfs /sys sysfs defaults 0 0

proc /proc proc defaults 0 0

/dev/sdb1 /tmp ext4 defaults 0 0

~

"/etc/fstab" 16L, 841C written

[root@GW ~]# mount -a #检测挂载是否有问题

[root@GW ~]# tune2fs -c -1 /dev/sdb1

tune2fs是调整和查看ext2/ext3文件系统的文件系统参数，Windows下面如果出现意外断电死机情况，下次卡机一般都会出现系统自检。Linux系统下面也有文件系统自检，而且是可以通过tune2fs命令，自定义自检周期及方式

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[root@GW ~]# parted /dev/sdb

GNU Parted 2.1

Using /dev/sdb

Welcome to GNU Parted! Type 'help' to view a list of commands.

(parted) help

align-check TYPE N check partition N for TYPE(min|opt) alignment

check NUMBER do a simple check on the file system

cp [FROM-DEVICE] FROM-NUMBER TO-NUMBER copy file system to another partition

help [COMMAND] print general help, or help on COMMAND

mklabel,mktable LABEL-TYPE create a new disklabel (partition table)

mkfs NUMBER FS-TYPE make a FS-TYPE file system on partition NUMBER

mkpart PART-TYPE [FS-TYPE] START END make a partition

mkpartfs PART-TYPE FS-TYPE START END make a partition with a file system

move NUMBER START END move partition NUMBER

name NUMBER NAME name partition NUMBER as NAME

print [devices|free|list,all|NUMBER] display the partition table, available devices, free space, all found partitions, or a

particular partition

quit exit program

rescue START END rescue a lost partition near START and END

resize NUMBER START END resize partition NUMBER and its file system

rm NUMBER delete partition NUMBER

select DEVICE choose the device to edit

set NUMBER FLAG STATE change the FLAG on partition NUMBER

toggle [NUMBER [FLAG]] toggle the state of FLAG on partition NUMBER

unit UNIT set the default unit to UNIT

version display the version number and copyright information of GNU Parted

(parted) mklabel gpt

Warning: The existing disk label on /dev/sdb will be destroyed and all data on this disk will be lost. Do you want to continue?

Yes/No? y

(parted) p

Model: VMware, VMware Virtual S (scsi)

Disk /dev/sdb: 107MB

Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B

Partition Table: gpt

Number Start End Size File system Name Flags

(parted) mkpart primary 0 30

Warning: The resulting partition is not properly aligned for best performance.

Ignore/Cancel? I

(parted) p

Model: VMware, VMware Virtual S (scsi)

Disk /dev/sdb: 107MB

Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B

Partition Table: gpt

Number Start End Size File system Name Flags

1 17.4kB 30.0MB 30.0MB primary

(parted) mkpart logical 30 106

(parted) p

Model: VMware, VMware Virtual S (scsi)

Disk /dev/sdb: 107MB

Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B

Partition Table: gpt

Number Start End Size File system Name Flags

1 17.4kB 30.0MB 30.0MB primary

2 30.4MB 106MB 75.5MB logical

(parted) q

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[root@GW ~]# parted /dev/sdb p

Model: VMware, VMware Virtual S (scsi)

Disk /dev/sdb: 107MB

Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B

Partition Table: gpt

Number Start End Size File system Name Flags

1 17.4kB 30.0MB 30.0MB primary

2 30.4MB 106MB 75.5MB logical

[root@GW ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/sda1

mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)

/dev/sda1 is mounted; will not make a filesystem here!

[root@GW ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb1

mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)

Filesystem label=

OS type: Linux

Block size=1024 (log=0)

Fragment size=1024 (log=0)

Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks

7328 inodes, 29280 blocks

1464 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user

First data block=1

Maximum filesystem blocks=30146560

4 block groups

8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group

1832 inodes per group

Superblock backups stored on blocks:

8193, 24577

Writing inode tables: done

Creating journal (1024 blocks): done

Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done

This filesystem will be automatically checked every 24 mounts or

180 days, whichever comes first. 电脑 Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

[root@GW ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb2

mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)

Filesystem label=

OS type: Linux

Block size=1024 (log=0)

Fragment size=1024 (log=0)

Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks

18432 inodes, 73728 blocks

3686 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user

First data block=1

Maximum filesystem blocks=67371008

9 block groups

8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group

2048 inodes per group

Superblock backups stored on blocks:

8193, 24577, 40961, 57345

Writing inode tables: done

Creating journal (4096 blocks): done

Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done

This filesystem will be automatically checked every 32 mounts or

180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override